While ICT is seen as a large part of the solution towards reducing the world’s carbon footprint (e.g., video-conferencing reducing air-miles, dynamic energy monitoring and control, multi-modal transport logistic solutions, etc.), ICT in itself needs to become more energy efficient. For example the EU Commission is pushing for ICT to reduce its own carbon footprint by 20% by 2015. Energy Efficient ICT refers to all efforts to "Green” ICT, to reduce power consumption and carbon emissions of ICT networks and systems. Given the growth rate in internet traffic, this is important both for environmental and financial reasons.

In NIC in DCU energy efficient ICT research covers a multitude of work from wired to wireless technologies, physical to application layer schemes, from energy-saving network-wide schemes to saving energy at individual component level, all for future next generation networks.

NIC Energy- Aware Networking Topics

Topics included in the NIC research focus include:

• Energy-efficient hardware acceleration for network applications
• HDL modelling for synthesis and rapid FPGA prototyping
• Cooperative Radio Communications for Green Smart Environments
• Energy-aware Adaptive Multimedia Delivery 
• Energy-Efficient Mesh Networking

NIC Energy- Aware Networking Afflictions and Memberships

• ICT COST Action IC1004 Cooperative Radio Communications for Green Smart Environments (C. Brennan)
• Membership of GreenTouch
• Part of the EU FP7 ECONET consortium (X. Wang, M. Collier, O. Ormond)

Example Energy-Aware Networking Projects

Some examples of NIC projects in the energy space include:

Project title	Project details/ link	Main Contact
ECONET - low Energy COnsumption NETworks FP7 (http://www.econet-project.eu)		M. Collier X. Wang
Energy-aware Adaptive Scheme in Wireless Devices		G. Muntean
Providing Energy-aware Rich Network-based Services in Strict Security Environments	IRCSET-Citadel100 Postgraduate Enterprise Partnership	G. Muntean
Energy-aware encoding and streaming for rich media content enabled mobile devices	IRCSET-Everseen Postdoctoral Enterprise Partnership	G. Muntean
Cross-layer Power Saving Solutions for Multimedia Data Transmission in Heterogeneous Wireless Environments	IRCSET Postgraduate Embark Initiative	G. Muntean
Cooperative Communication and Resource Management in Cognitive Network	ICT COST Action IC1004	C. Brennan
High Performance Hardware Accelerators for Deep Packet Inspection with Low Power Consumption	IRCSET Embark Initiative (2009-2012)	X. Wang
Best Route Selection based on Existing Road Traffic Conditions via Mobile Ad-hoc Wireless Networks	IRCSET Embark Initiative	G. Muntean
High Performance Low-Power Hardware Accelerators for Deep Packet Inspection (DPI)	Enterprise Ireland Commercialisation Fund (Proof of Concept) 2008	X. Wang
Power Efficient Caches for High Performance Network Processors	IRCSET Embark Initiative (2008-2011):	X. Wang
Low Power, Parallel Compiler Optimization for High Performance Network Processors	IRCSET Embark Initiative (2007-2010):	X. Wang
Performance Optimization Techniques for Caching Mechanism in Network Processors	IRCSET Embark Initiative (2007-2009):	X. Wang
Energy Efficient Network Processor Design	IRCSET Embark Initiative (2006-2009):	X. Wang
Architecture and Compiler Optimization for Power Reduction in High Performance Network Processors	SFI China-Ireland Science and Technology Collaboration Research Fund  (2006-2008) (PIs: Dr Xiaojun Wang, Dr Martin Collier (DCU); Prof Bin Liu, Tsinghua University)	X. Wang M.Collier B.Liu
Research on Optimized Processing in Network Processor Units for High- performance Routers	SFI China-Ireland Science and Technology Collaboration Research Fund (2004-2006)	X. Wang
Smart antennas in urban environments	Danny O'Hare postgraduate Scholarship	C. Brennan

                                       

Selected NIC Energy-Aware Networking Publications

NIC publications in the 'Green' ICT space include:

1. R. Trestian, A-N. Moldovan, O. Ormond, and G-M. Muntean, “Energy Consumption Analysis of Video Streaming to Android Mobile Devices”, IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium, (NOMS), accepted, 2012.
2. M. Kennedy, H. Venkataraman, Gabriel-Miro Muntean, “ Battery and Stream-Aware Adaptive Multimedia Delivery for Wireless Devices”, IEEE International Workshop on Performance and Management of Wireless and Mobile Networks (P2MNET), IEEE Local Computer Networks (LCN), October 2010, [ Paper ]
3. R. Trestian, O. Ormond and G-M. Muntean, "Power-Friendly Access Network Selection Strategy for Heterogeneous Wireless Multimedia Networks" ,IEEE International Symposium on Broadband Multimedia Systems and Broadcasting (BMSB), March 2010 [Paper].
4. Z. Liu, A. Kennedy, O. Ormond, X. Wang, “Power-Efficient Packet Classifier for Next-Generation Routers”, ERCIM (European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics) News, No. 79, Oct. 2009.
5. A. Kennedy, Z. Liu, X. Wang, B. Liu, "Multi-Engine Packet Classification Hardware Accelerator", ICCCN 2009, San Francisco, 2-6 August 2009.
6. D. McMullin, R. Trestian, and G-M. Muntean, "Power Save-based Adaptive Multimedia Delivery Mechanism", The 9th Iformation Technology and Telecomunication Conference (IT&T), 2009 [Paper].
7. A. Kennedy, X. Wang, Z. Liu, B. Liu, “Low Power Architecture for High Speed Packet Classification”, ACM/IEEE Symposium on Architectures for Networking and Communications Systems (ANCS2008), Nov 6-7, 2008
8. K. Collins, G.-M. Muntean, “An Adaptive Vehicle Route Management Solution Enabled by Wireless Vehicular Networks”, IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC), September 2008 [ Paper ]
9. K. Collins, G.-M. Muntean, “A Vehicle Route Management Solution Enabled by Wireless Vehicular Networks”, IEEE INFOCOM, MObile Networking for Vehicular Environments (MOVE) Workshop, April 2008 [ Paper ]
10. G.-M. Muntean, J. Adams, "Power Saving in Wireless Multimedia Streaming to Mobile Devices", in “Wireless Multimedia: Quality of Service and Solutions”,  IGI Global Publishing House, Information Science Reference, 2008
11. K. Collins, G.-M. Muntean, "TraffCon: An Intelligent Traffic Control System for Wireless Vehicular Networks", IET China-Ireland International Conference on Information and Communications Technology (CIICT), August 2007, pp. 699-706 [ Paper ]
12. J. Adams, G.-M. Muntean, "Adaptive-Buffer Power Save Mechanism for Mobile Multimedia Streaming", IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), June 2007 [ Paper ]
13. A. Kennedy, X. Wang, Z. Liu, B. Liu, "Frequency Scaling for Multidimensional Packet Classification", The IET 2008 China-Ireland International Conference on Information and Communications Technologies (CIICT2008), Sept 26-28, 2008, pp. 383 -387.
14. A. Kennedy, X. Wang, B. Liu, 'Energy Efficient Packet Classification Hardware Accelerator”, proceedings of the 2008 IEEE International Parallel & Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS 2008), Florida, USA, April 14-18, 2008.
15. A. Kennedy, D. Bermingham, X. Wang, B. Liu, “Power Analysis of Packet Classification on Programmable Network Processors”, Proc 2007 IEEE Intl Conf on Signal Processing and Communications (ICSPC07), Dubai, UAE, 24-27 Nov 2007, pp. 1231-1234.

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